Yr Athro Ian Knight
BSc (Hons), PhD
Professor
- knight@cardiff.ac.uk
- +44 (0)29 2087 5496
- T.13, Adeilad Bute, Rhodfa'r Brenin Edward VII, Caerdydd, CF10 3NB
- Ar gael fel goruchwyliwr ôl-raddedig
Trosolwg
Responsibilities
I am active in research into the operational performance of buildings and their building services components since 1981. My current research interests are:
- Using sub-hourly operational data on utility use and internal conditions in buildings and building services (Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning) components to inform Benchmarking and Legislation.
- The holistic design of buildings and services.
- Energy consumption of activities in buildings
I have undertaken most admin and teaching roles in the School. I am currently module leader for first year Technology Teaching and contribute to other modules across the School, including at Masters level. I also supervise PhD students.
External activities
Ian is a Member of the CIBSE Technology Committee. This committee provides CIBSE’s official response to consultations on specific issues such as energy efficiency, as well as helping set the future direction for professional guidance in the Institution.
He is also a Core Member of the Federation of European Heating and Air-Conditioning Associations (REHVA) Technology and Research Committee (TRC). This committee’s remit is to assist in developing and disseminating technical information as well as enhancing and developing standards and research at a European level.
He is also a Director of K2n Ltd. This company assists organizations implement good energy monitoring and targeting practices via an online M&T application, and from this produces energy consumption profiles and benchmarks of use within academic studies, benchmarking, legislation and professional practice.
Cyhoeddiadau
2024
- Okasha, R., Bleil De Souza, C. and Knight, I. 2024. Outdoor comfort of schoolyards in hot arid climates: A forgotten design parameter. Presented at: 37th Passive and Low Energy Architecture (PLEA) Conference, Warsaw, 25 - 28 June 2024.
2023
- Okasha, R., Bleil De Souza, C. and Knight, I. 2023. Informing early-stage design decisions: Comprehensive spatial and temporal analyses of outdoor thermal comfort to maximise the use of schoolyards. Presented at: 18th International Conference of the International Building Performance Simulation Association, Shanghai, China, 4-6 September 2023. pp. 501-508., (10.26868/25222708.2023.1547)
2022
- Chatzivasileiadi, A., Ampatzi, E. and Knight, I. 2022. Electrical energy storage sizing and space requirements for sub-daily autonomy in residential buildings. Energies 15(3), article number: 1145. (10.3390/en15031145)
2020
- Awan, U. and Knight, I. 2020. Domestic sector energy demand and prediction models for Punjab Pakistan. Journal of Building Engineering 32, article number: 101790. (10.1016/j.jobe.2020.101790)
2019
- Chatzivasileiadi, A., Ampatzi, E. and Knight, I. P. 2019. The impact of battery storage technologies in residential buildings with sub-daily autonomy and EV contribution. Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1343, article number: 12088. (10.1088/1742-6596/1343/1/012088)
2018
- Chatzivasileiadi, A., Ampatzi, E. and Knight, I. 2018. The choice and architectural requirements of battery storage technologies in residential buildings. Presented at: Second International Conference for Sustainable Design of the Built Environment: Research in Practice (SDBE 2018), London, UK, 12-13 September 2018.
2017
- Knight, I., Lannon, S. and Iorwerth, H. 2017. Welsh 2016 half-hourly building energy consumption profiles for domestic and non-domestic buildings by 2011 census output area. Split by local authority areas. [Electronic]. Cardiff University.
- Knight, I., Lannon, S. and Iorwerth, H. 2017. Welsh 2016 half-hourly building energy consumption profiles for domestic and non-domestic buildings by 2011 Census output area. Split by Local Authority Areas. [Electronic]. Cardiff University.
- Chatzivasileiadi, A., Ampatzi, E. and Knight, I. 2017. The implications of demand response measures and electrification of transport on UK household energy demand and consumption. Presented at: 9th International Conference on Sustainability in Energy and Buildings, Chania, Greece, 5-7 July 2017, Vol. 134. pp. 89-98., (10.1016/j.egypro.2017.09.530)
- Konidari, A. and Knight, I. 2017. Just the ticket - monitoring at the Hive. CIBSE Journal, pp. 28-30.
2016
- Knight, I., Sims, K., Durdin, M. and Konidari, A. 2016. Implementing the use of operational data in buildings. Presented at: CLIMA 2016: 12th REHVA World Congress, Aalborg, Denmark, 22 - 25 May 2016 Presented at Heiselberg, P. K. ed.CLIMA 2016 - Proceedings of the 12th REHVA World Congress, Vol. 6. Aalborg: Department of Civil Engineering, Aalborg University
- Knight, I. P. 2016. Operational energy use and power demands in European HVAC components. Building Services Engineering Research and Technology 37(2), pp. 148-162. (10.1177/0143624415613954)
- Hitchin, R. and Knight, I. 2016. Daily energy consumption signatures and control charts for air-conditioned buildings. Energy and Buildings 112, pp. 101-109. (10.1016/j.enbuild.2015.11.059)
2014
- Knight, I. et al. 2014. iSERVcmb final report – July 2014: The inspection of building services through continuous monitoring and benchmarking – the iSERVcmb project. Project Report. Cardiff: European Commission/Cardiff University.
- Knight, I. P. 2014. Power demands of heating, ventilating and air conditioning components in EU buildings. REHVA Journal (European Journal of Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning Technology) 51(3), pp. 20-23.
- Knight, I. P. 2014. Why energy monitoring and feedback is essential to achieve sustained energy efficiency in EU buildings. REHVA Journal (European Journal of Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning Technology) 51(1), pp. 16-19.
- Knight, I. P. 2014. Measured energy use and power demands in European HVAC components. Presented at: CIBSE ASHRAE Technical Symposium, Dublin, Ireland, 3-4 April 2014.
2013
- Chatzivasileiadi, A., Ampatzi, E. and Knight, I. P. 2013. Characteristics of electrical energy storage technologies and their applications in buildings. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 25, pp. 814-830. (10.1016/j.rser.2013.05.023)
- Knight, I. P. 2013. Benchmarking HVAC system energy use using sub-hourly data. Presented at: Clima 2013: 11th REHVA World Congress and 8th International Conference on IAQVEC, Prague, Czech Republic, 16–19 June 2013Clima 2013. Prague: Society of Environmental Engineering pp. 12-12.
- Knight, I. P. and Magyar, Z. 2013. iSERVcmb: The practical benchmarking of HVAC systems energy efficiency in use. Presented at: Clima 2013: 11th REHVA World Congress and 8th International Conference on IAQVEC, Prague, Czech Republic, 16–19 June 2013.
- Knight, I. P., Toniolo, J., Konidari, A. M. and Masoero, M. 2013. Benchmarking HVAC system energy use. Presented at: Clima 2013: 11th REHVA World Congress and 8th International Conference on IAQVEC, Prague, Czech Republic, 16–19 June 2013.
- Ampatzi, E., Knight, I. P. and Wiltshire, R. 2013. The potential contribution of solar thermal collection and storage systems to meeting the energy requirements of North European Housing. Solar Energy 91, pp. 402-421. (10.1016/j.solener.2012.09.008)
2012
- Ampatzi, E. and Knight, I. P. 2012. Modelling the effect of realistic domestic energy demand profiles and internal gains on the predicted performance of solar thermal systems. Energy and Buildings 55, pp. 285-298. (10.1016/j.enbuild.2012.08.031)
- Knight, I. P. 2012. Assessing electrical energy use in HVAC systems. REHVA Journal (European Journal of Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning Technology) 49(1), pp. 6-11.
2011
- Knight, I. P. and Masoero, M. 2011. Inspection of air-conditioning systems - Results of the IEE HARMONAC project. REHVA Journal (European Journal of Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning Technology) 48(2), pp. 49-54.
2010
- Knight, I. P. et al. 2010. HARMONAC - Harmonizing air conditioning inspection and audit procedures in the tertiary building sector. Energy consumption in European air conditioning systems and the air conditioning system inspection process – Final Report. Project Report. [Online]. Brussels: European Commission. Available at: https://ec.europa.eu/energy/intelligent/projects/en/projects/harmonac
- Agyenim, F. B., Knight, I. P. and Rhodes, M. 2010. Design and experimental testing of the performance of an outdoor LiBr/H2O solar thermal absorption cooling system with a cold store. Solar Energy 84(5), pp. 735-744. (10.1016/j.solener.2010.01.013)
2009
- Knight, I. P. and Cambray, J. T. 2009. Air-conditioning inspections: time needed and potential energy savings. REHVA Journal (European Journal of Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning Technology) 46(1), pp. 20-26.
- Khodakarami, J., Knight, I. P. and Nasrollahi, N. 2009. Reducing the demands of heating and cooling in Iranian hospitals. Renewable Energy 34(4), pp. 1162-1168. (10.1016/j.renene.2008.06.023)
2008
- Knight, I. P., Rhodes, M., Agyenim, F. B. and Ampatzi, E. 2008. The potential for solar thermal heating and cooling systems to reduce the carbon emissions of domestic properties in a northern European country. Presented at: Eurosun 2008: 1st International Conference on Solar Heating, Cooling and Buildings, Lisbon, Portugal, 7-10 October 2008.
- Knight, I. P., Stravoravdis, S. and Lasvaux, S. 2008. Predicting operational energy consumption profiles - findings from detailed surveys and modelling in a UK educational building compared to measured consumption. International Journal of Ventilation 7(1), pp. 49-57. (10.5555/ijov.2008.7.1.49)
- Arndt, U. et al. 2008. An Experimental and Simulation-Based Investigation of the Performance of Small-Scale Fuel Cell and Combustion-Based Cogeneration Devices Serving Residential Buildings: Final Report of Annex 42 of the International Energy Agency’s Energy Conservation in Buildings and Community Systems Programme. Project Report. [Online]. Ottawa, Ontario: The Government of Canada. Available at: https://www.ecbcs.org/Data/publications/EBC_Annex_42_Final_Report.pdf
- Nasrollahi, N., Knight, I. P. and Jones, P. J. 2008. Workplace Satisfaction and Thermal Comfort in Air Conditioned Office Buildings: Findings from a Summer Survey and Field Experiments in Iran. Indoor and Built Environment 17(1), pp. 69-79. (10.1177/1420326X07086945)
- Ampatzi, E., Knight, I. P. and Rhodes, M. 2008. The role of thermal energy storage in helping solar thermal reduce the heating and cooling demands of the housing stock in a northern European country. Presented at: Eurosun 2008. 1st International Conference on Solar Heating, Cooling and Buildings., Lisbon, Portugal, 7-10 October 2008.
- Ampatzi, E., Knight, I. P. and Rhodes, M. 2008. Effect of internal gains on thermal comfort in Welsh dwellings. Presented at: PLEA 2008. 25th Conference on Passive and Low Energy Architecture,, Dublin, Ireland, 22-24 October 2008.
2007
- Bleil De Souza, C. and Knight, I. P. 2007. Interpreting building simulation modeling data for building designers, with specific reference to the cooling demand. Presented at: 2nd PALENC Conference and 28th AIVC Conference, Crete. pp. 126-131.
- Knight, I. P., Stravoravdis, S. and Lasvaux, S. 2007. Assessing the Operational Energy Profiles of UK Educational Buildings: findings from detailed surveys compared to measured consumption. Presented at: The Second PALENC (Passive and Low Energy Cooling)Conference and 28th AIVC Conference, Crete.The Energy Performance of Buildings Directive and the International Network for Information on Ventilation and Energy Performance.
- Bleil De Souza, C. and Knight, I. 2007. Thermal performance simulation from an architectural design viewpoint. Presented at: Sixth International IBPSA Conference, China. pp. 87-94.
- Knight, I. P. and Bleil De Souza, C. 2007. Modeling cooling demands in UK office buildings: the impact of using 3 different strategies to assess internal gains. Presented at: Sixth International IBPSA Conference, Bejing, China, September 3-6, 2007. pp. 47-54.
- Knight, I. P., Stravoravdis, S. and Lasvaux, S. 2007. Assessing the Operational Energy Profiles of UK educational buildings: findings from detailed surveys and modelling compared to measured consumption. Presented at: 2nd PALENC Conference and 28th AIVC Conference on Building Low Energy Cooling and Advanced Ventilation Technologies in the 21st Century, Crete, Greece, 27-29 September 2007. pp. 531-536.
- Knight, I. P., Kreutzer, N., Manning, M., Swinton, M. and Ribberink, H. 2007. Residential Cogeneration Systems: European and Canadian Residential Non-HVAC Electric and DHW Load Profiles For Use in Simulating the Performance of Residential Cogeneration Systems. Project Report. [Online]. International Energy Agency. Available at: https://www.ecbcs.org/Data/publications/EBC_Annex_42_Residential_Cogeneration_Systems_Review.pdf
- Knight, I., Bleil De Souza, C., Alexandre, J. L. and Marsh, A. 2007. The AUDITAC Customer Advising Tool (CAT) to assist the inspection and audit of air conditioning systems in buildings. Presented at: 9th REHVA World Congress, Helsinki.
- Ampatzi, E. and Knight, I. 2007. The potential application of residential solar thermal cooling in the UK and the role of thermal energy storage technologies. Presented at: Building Low Energy Cooling and Ventilation Technologies in the 21st Century. 2nd PALENC Conference and 28th AIVC Conference, Crete island, Greece, 27 - 29 September 2007.
2006
- Knight, I. P., Bleil De Souza, C. and Marsh, A. 2006. The AUDITAC Customer Advising Tool for assisting air conditioning energy efficiency inspections. Welsh School of Architecture.
- Dunn, G., Bleil De Souza, C., Knight, I. and Marsh, A. 2006. Measured building and air conditioning energy performance: an empirical evaluation of the energy performance of air conditioned office buildings in the UK.. Presented at: International Conference on Electricity Efficiency in Commercial Buildings (IEECB 2006), Frankfurt.
- Bleil De Souza, C., Knight, I. P., Dunn, G. and Marsh, A. 2006. Modelling buildings for energy use: a study of the effects of using multiple simulation tools and varying levels of input detail.. Presented at: International Conference on Electricity Efficiency in Commercial Buildings (IEECB 2006), Frankfurt, Germany, 26-27 April 2006Improving Energy Efficiency in Commercial Buildings, Vol. 2. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union
- Knight, I. P., Bleil De Souza, C., Dunn, G. and Marsh, A. 2006. The components of heating and cooling energy loads in UK offices, with a detailed study of the solar component. Presented at: International Conference on Electricity Efficiency in Commercial Buildings (IEECB 2006)., Frankfurt.
- Adnot, J. et al. 2006. AUDITAC - Field benchmarking and market development for audit methods in air conditioning. Final Report to European Commission. Project Report. Brussels: Intelligent Energy Europe.
2005
- Knight, I. P. and Dunn, G. 2005. Measured Energy Consumption and Carbon Emissions of Air Conditioning in UK Office Buildings. Building Service Engineering, Research and Technology 26(2), pp. 89-98. (10.1191/0143624405bt111oa)
- Knight, I. P. and Ugursal, I. 2005. Residential cogeneration systems: A review of the current technologies. A report of subtask A of FC+COGEN-SIM: The simulation of building-integrated fuel cell and other cogeneration systems. Project Report. [Online]. IEA/ECBCS. Available at: http://www.ecbcs.org/docs/Annex_42_Review_Residential_Cogen_Technologies.pdf
- Dunn, G. N., Knight, I. P. and Hitchin, E. R. 2005. Measuring system efficiencies of liquid chiller and direct expansion. Ashrae Journal 47(2), pp. 26-32.
Addysgu
Teaching profile
Ian supervises PhD students in his research areas and in adjoining research areas. All his students to date have gained their PhD after completion of their studies.
He also provides technical lectures at undergraduate and postgraduate level, along with technical design assessments in the Design modules across the School curriculum. His full list of teaching activities at present is:
- Director of the Postgraduate Taught Programme at the WSA
- Teaching on the BSc Architectural Technology modules, which span all 3 undergraduate years.
- Tutor for the MSc in Architecture: Environmental Design of Buildings, Efficient Building Services module
- Tutor for 1.0 FTE PhD students
- Tutor for MSc dissertation students
- Tutor for 4th year Special Subject dissertation students
- External Examiner at University of Central Lancashire - MSc level
Research interests
Ian’s funded research activities and outputs during his academic career have ranged from the production of Best Practice Guidance for the UK Govt, through experimental determination of the performance of services components, such as Solar Thermal Air Conditioning systems, and into work which influences the European Energy Performance of Buildings Directive.
This latter work has spanned from 2005 to 2014, during which he proposed and co-ordinated the two largest Intelligent Energy Europe projects funded by the European Commission at that time - HARMONAC and iSERVcmb. The results and outputs of these projects can be found at www.harmonac.info and www.iservcmb.info respectively.
He is also involved in the collection and use of operational data from buildings via K2n Ltd - www.k2nenergy.com - which are used in benchmarking, legislation and professional body work, as well as in providing feedback to the building operators to help reduce operational energy consumption.
Research projects
Supervision
Main expertise
Buildings, services, renewables, energy, legislation.
Supervision experience
6 PhDs to completion, currently supervising 2 PhDs.